Flying-machine.



P. V. WADLEIGH.

FLYING MACHINE.

W/TNESSES mw. Q h m. w m hm. t- 1|-- 3 m uw N o ---V 12.1 -n IIN I -1-- ha W NQ H, m m h mk N1 s m 3 m x i; i l h, z v

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FLYING luomm. APPLIUATIOI PILD JULY 17, 1908.

. Patented July 6, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W/TNESSES BY /f da ,4mm/vers P. v. WADLBIGH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 17, 1908.

' Patented July 6, 1909.

I 3SHEETB-BHEET 3.

l s( 34 /L @c o N S (k 1 Q l #1V A TIOHNEYS UNiTED STAWENT onirica -PERCIVAL V.4 W-ADLEIGH, OF NEEDLES, CALIFORNIA.

FLYiNG-MAcnINE.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

rammed '.iuiy 6,1909.

'Appiititn ined-July i7, isos. serial No. 444,102.

-To all whom 'it may concern: 4

Be 'it known that I, Pnncivai. V. WAD- LEIGH, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Needles, inthe county of San Bernardino and State of California,have invof the lifting mechanism and propelling mechanism, and also in the mechanisrnfor guiding the machine.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more .fullydescribed hereinafter and particularly set forthin the claims.

Reference is. to be had to the accompanying drawings forming' a part of this specifica# tion in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Figure 1 is a'side elevation of a iyingmachine constructed according to my invention, certain parts being broken away and shown in cross section ,.Fig. 2 is a plan, certain parts being broken away and shown in cross section; Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection through the ilyiiig machine, on vthe line 3-f3 of Fig. 1, and illustrating the special' mechanism for raising the machine, the propellers being represented broken away, and Fig. 4l is 'a view similar toFig. 3, but showing the lifting mechanism ina different position.

. R ferrin'g more particularly to the' parts, 1

represents the body' of the flying machine' which has the sform of a channel or shell in Near its middle point, thev sides of this shell are connected by a cross bar 2, u on which' ings, near the ends of the machine.

cross section as shown -in Figs. 3 and 4.

`a liftingengine 3 is mounted. he piston Yof this engineis connected with a crank 4, which is attached .to a llongitudinally#ex- -tending shaft 5, theends of the said shaft being rotatably mounted in pedestal. be-

t the ends of the body,AA vertically disposed oruide frames' 7 are provided. Eachof these ames consists of a main post or stanchion 9. hese guide frames 7 support at-their upper endsan aeroplane 10, which is composed of two planes 11 and 12, which incline downwardly from the central axisv ot the body. These planes are formed with a plurality of openings 13, at the upper edges of which are pivotally mounted 'a .plurality of shutters 14. .These shutters depend through the openings 13 and their upper edges project slightly above the pivotpoints, and are s shown, r

formed with counterweights 16. the point of suspension 1-5 of each shutter is near the up er. edge thereof, so. that under the action oi) gravity the shutters are nearly balanced, but they will assume the closed position shown in Fig. 3, when air pressure is exerted upon their under sides. When the machine is rising, however, theyfwill fold downwardly in a vertical position, as shown in- Fig. 4, so vas to allow the air above the machine4 to ings 13.

On the central posts 8, I provide slides 17,

which are guided upon the posts by means ofguide brackets 18, as indicated. To these slides 17, pitrnen 01 connecting rods 19, are attached, and the lower ends of these rods 'are connected pivotally .to cranks 20 attached to the ends of the shaft 5. `At the upei` 'ends ol' the slides 17,'-Icross heads 2,1 are ormed, and these cross 'heads are` provided with pivotalwings 22 which are pivoted to the cross heads at 23. These pivot points 213 are disposed inwardly of the middle points of the wings 22- so that the wings tend to hang pass downthrough the open 8 dis osed centrally, and side posts or guides downwardly in the position indicated in vdotted lines in Fi 3. The upper edges of the wings are beve ed so`that they are adapted to come togetherupon the downward' stroke of the cross head, and as indicated in `F ig. 4, the lower edges of the wings 22 are connected by cords 24 which tend to prevent the wings from bending outwardly at their lowerv edges. ABy means of the mechanism described above, the machine may rise to a height in the air.v The propelling mechanism for advancing Athe 4machine will now be describe-d: Referring es ecially to'Figs. 1 and i2, on the sides 25 of tie shell or bodyl, l provide a plurality of brackets 26 'which support a pluiality of arms 27, which normally extend out- .wardly from the body, as indicated in Fig. 2.

These arms are all connected by a parallel rod or link 28 which is pivotally attached to iio great resistance. .1 5

the arms by pins 29, as shown. Y Thesearms 27vv carry fpropellers 30, and these propellers consist o blades 31 and 32` which are con- .nected by hinge connections 33 with the ,up-

to drive these'propellers, the links 28 are connected with the outer arms of levers 35, which extend through the side walls of the shell,` and these levers are connected by links 36 with piston rods 37 operating in .longitudinally disposed cylinders 38, laced abreast ot each other in the rear part o the body, as indicated in Fig. .2.

In order to steer the machine, I provide a steering nose 39, which has a vertically disi posed vane 40 and a horizontally disposed I vane 41.

' mounted in the forward en d of the body in a These vanes are slightly tapered at their forward ends, as shown. The nose is central position by means of a ball 42 which is received in a socket 43, as indicated. By vmeans of this ball and socket, the nose may be made to assume any desired angle of position with respect to the body. A steering tailor rudder 43a is provided which is attached to the rear end of the body by means of a ball 44 received in a socket 45, similar to the corresponding mounting for the nose. This tail 43a is formed with a vertical vane 46 jandl a horizontal vane 47. This tailis similar in form to the nose 39, except that it is longer and enlargedslightly towardits rear end. At the forwardend of the body, 'I provide a bracket arm 48, to which a tiller 49 is 1 pivotally attached in such a way that it will neously by means of the tiller 49.

swing in a horizontal plane. The arms 50 of A this tiller are connected by cords lwith the 50 rear edges of the horizontal vane 41 of the nose. These arms 50 are also connected b y i crossed cords 52- with the forward edges of the horizontal vane 47 of the tail. From 4this arrangement, vit is possible to move the nose and tail in a horizontal plane simulta- At the rear end of the body, a bracket arm 53 is provided, which is similar to the bracket arm 48,

and inl this bracket arm, a tiller 54 is mounted, which swings in a 'vertical plane and the arms 55 of this tiller are connected by cords 56 with the forward edge of the vertical vane 46 of the rudder or tail. To the arms 55 are also attached crossed cords 57 which extend forwardly and attach tp the rear edges ofthe toward the right'.

of. the tiller 54, the nose and tail may-be fmoved simultaneously in a verticalplane.

It will valso be evident that on accountr of the' crossedcord arrangement, when' the-nose tips downwardly at its forward end, vthe'tail i 43-'will tip downwardly at its rear end, which will'tend to direct the machine. downwardly. In the same manner, when the nose 39 is l' pointed toward the right, the rear end of the tail will also move toward the right, and. this will tend to direct the In the mode of operation of the machine, by operating the engine 3 so as toyrotate the crank 4, the slides 17 will be reciprocated,

and on the up. stroke the wings 22 will "fold into the position indicated by the dotted lines shown in Fig. 3. When the wings have' course of the machine reached the upper limit of their stroke, they vare closed by means' of inclined strips 58 which form an angle to each 'other and which are attached to .the upper 'part of the guide frame, as shown. The upper edgesof the wings strike these strips so that thewings open into the position shown in Fig. 3, just before the downward stroke begins; On the 4down stroke, the wings 22 catch the air under them and maintain themselves open on account of the excessive area on the outer portions, that is, beyond the pivot pomts 23.

On-the downfstroke, the machine will risev vand the shutters 14 will open so as t lessen the air resistance, and permit the air above .the machine to. pass down. On the up stroke .the shutters 14 close, so that the aeroplane 10 tends to support the machine in the air. In this way the engine 3 can be operated before the desired height is'reached, and then the cylindersl 3S can be operated -so as t0 drive the propcllers i The manner oi' steering the machine will appear clearly from the foregoing description of the steering mechanism'. The steering cords are passed through' openings 59 formed in the ends oi' the body, as indicated most clearlyv in Figs. 3 and 4.

'While' I have described the motors which drive the propellers, and which raise the nialOl) chine, as engines,'it should be understood that I may use motora of any kind for this purpose. 4

Having thus describedmy invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, I l 1. In a flying machine, in combination, a

body, guide frames supported thereupon,.

ings and shutters adapted to i'old into said l openings.

2. In a iiying machine, 1n combination, a

body, guide frames mounted thereupon,

other abutting at their adjacent edges on the down stroke and adapted to fold on .the upward stroke of said slides, means for reciprocating said slides, a pair o'l' aeroplanes mounted on said frame and disposed at lan angle to each other, said aeroplanes having openings therein, and folding shutters mounted in said openings.

3. In a flying machine, in combination, a body, guide frames mounted thereupon, slides reciprocating won said guide frames, wings pivoted eocentricalljif on said slides, whereby said wings tend to open out on the down stroke of said slides, said wings being adapted to come together at their adjacent edges to form an angle, and means for reciprocating said slides.

4. In a flying machine, in combination, a body, guide frames mount-ed thereupon, slides running in said guide frames, wings pivotally mounted eccentrically on said slides, whereby said wings are adapt-ed to fold on the upward stroke of said slides, said Wings being adapted to come together at their adjacent edges on the downward stroke to form an angle, means for reciprocating said slides, aeroplanes mounted on said guide frames, disposed at an angle to each other and having openings therein, anda plurality oi shutters mounted in said openings, adapted to open when said machine rises and adapted to be closed by air pressure acting from the under sides of said aeroplanes.

5. In a flying machine, in combination, a body, a plurality of arms pivotally mounted on the sides thereof', blades having joints connecting the same. to said arms, forming an angle to Aeach other when open, said wings being adapted to open on the `rearward stroke of said arms andadapted to fold on the forward stroke of said arms, said Wings having counterweights for the bodies thereof disposed forward oi' the axes of said joints, .links connecting all of said arms on each side of said body, and means for actuating said' links.

6. In a liying machine, in combination, a body, a plurality of arms pivotallj)r mounted on the sides thereof, means for actuating said arms in unison so as to swing the same in a horizontal plane, and blades having a hinge connection with the upper and lower sides of said arms and adapted to open to form anfangle therebetween on the rear stroke of said arms, said blades having counterweights forward of said hinge connection and abutting at their vforward edges when in their open position.

V7. In a 'flying machine,in "combination, a bof guide frames mounted thereupon, slides reciprocating on said guide frames, wings pivotally mounted .on said slides, adapted to open to forman angle to each other von the downward' stroheoi' said slide and adapted to -fold on the upward stroke of said slide, and members attached to'said guide frames and adapted to move said wings into their open position at the end of the up stroke of said slides.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

YPERCIVAL V, WADLEIGH.

li tn esses z Gnoncn J. NAY, EARL H. DuPUE. 

